A set of resources for Indigenous Peoples on Digital Sequence Information (DSI)
This web page provides a list of articles that relate to indigenous peoples, traditional knowledge and the topic of digital sequence information. Digital sequence information is a place holder term for what scientists normally call genetic sequence data that arises from the sequencing of genomes in fields such as genomics. If you are completely new to digital sequence information you may want to watch DSI Simply Explained from The ABS Initiative.
Digital sequence information is being discussed under the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity, the Nagoya Protocol and at a range of international processes including the Plant Treaty of the FAO, the World Health Organisation and the draft treaty on marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ) under UNCLOS.
To date the participation of indigenous peoples in these debates has been somewhat limited. Representatives from the International Indigenous Forum on Biodiversity (IIFB) have been able to participate in the various discussions held at the Conference of the Parties and COP decisions have invited contributions from indigenous peoples and local communities. For details on the work to date click here. DSI will be a major topic for COP15 of the CBD and the COP-MOP of the Nagoya Protocol that is tentatively scheduled for October 2021.
However, there is perhaps a sense that the rights and interests of indigenous peoples are peripheral to discussions that focus on genomes and large scale data in data bases. This suggests that more work needs to be done to explore and bring to the table issues of concern to indigenous peoples and potential solutions.
The below resource list is a work in progress to compile literature that seems to be relevant to the rights of indigenous peoples and local communities. This list is not meant to be comprehensive and suggestions for addition can be provided by raising an issue on Github or emailing us at jasminejrkindness at gmail dot com. We also provide access to three dynamic collections at the non-profit Lens database in Australia that will automatically update to make it easier to find literature:
The resources below have been grouped into working headings and are organised by year for each heading. We also indicate if an article is open access. If you cannot access an article please contact us and we will look into it. Open access articles are also available via this dropbox repository.
Wilkinson, M. D., Dumontier, M., Aalbersberg, Ij. J., Appleton, G., Axton, M., Baak, A., … Mons, B. (2016). The FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship. Scientific Data, 3, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2016.18 Lens link Open Access. Note: Does not mention indigenous peoples but should be read for the CARE principles and biocultural labels papers below.
Rainie, S. C., Schultz, J. L., Briggs, E., Riggs, P., & Palmanteer-Holder, N. L. (2017). Data as a strategic resource: Self-determination, governance, and the data challenge for indigenous nations in the United States. International Indigenous Policy Journal, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.18584/iipj.2017.8.2.1 Lens link Open Access
The Global Indigenous Data Alliance (2019). The CARE Principles “CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance.” The Global Indigenous Data Alliance. GIDA-global.org https://www.gida-global.org/care Open Access
Carroll, S. R., Garba, I., Figueroa-Rodríguez, O. L., Holbrook, J., Lovett, R., Materechera, S., … Hudson, M. (2020). The CARE principles for indigenous data governance. Data Science Journal, 19(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.5334/DSJ-2020-043 Lens link Open Access
Carroll, S. R., Herczog, E., Hudson, M., Russell, K., & Stall, S. (2021). Operationalizing the CARE and FAIR Principles for Indigenous data futures. Scientific Data, 8(1), 8–13. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-021-00892-0 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-021-00892-0 Open Access
Arbour, L., & Cook, D. (2006). DNA on loan: Issues to consider when carrying out genetic research with aboriginal families and communities. Community Genetics, 9(3), 153–160. https://doi.org/10.1159/000092651 Lens link Paywall
Tsosie, R. (2007). Cultural challenges to biotechnology: Native American genetic resources and the concept of cultural harm. Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics, 35(3), 396–411. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720X.2007.00163.x Lens link Paywall
Reardon, J., & TallBear, K. (2012). “Your DNA is Our History”, genomics, anthropology, and the construction of whiteness as property. Current Anthropology, 53(SUPPL. 5), 233–245. https://doi.org/10.1086/662629 Lens link Open Access
Caron, N. R., Chongo, M., Hudson, M., Arbour, L., Wasserman, W. W., Robertson, S., … Wilcox, P. (2020). Indigenous Genomic Databases: Pragmatic Considerations and Cultural Contexts. Frontiers in Public Health, 8(April), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00111 Lens link Open Access
Hudson, M., Garrison, N.A., Sterling, R. et al. Rights, interests and expectations: Indigenous perspectives on unrestricted access to genomic data. Nature Review Genetics 21, 377–384 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41576-020-0228-x Lens link Paywall
Powell, K. (2021). The broken promise that undermines human genome research. Nature, 590, 198–201. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-00331-5 Lens link Open Access
Tsosie, K. S., Fox, K., & Yracheta, J. M. (2021). Genomics data: the broken promise is to Indigenous people. Nature, 591(7851), 529. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-00758-w Lens link Open Access
Tsosie, K. S., Yracheta, J. M., Kolopenuk, J. A., & Geary, J. (2021). We Have “Gifted” Enough: Indigenous Genomic Data Sovereignty in Precision Medicine. The American Journal of Bioethics, 21(4), 72–75. https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2021.1891347 Open Access
Rose, J., Quave, C. L., & Islam, G. (2012). The four-sided triangle of ethics in bioprospecting: Pharmaceutical business, international politics, socio-environmental responsibility and the importance of local stakeholders. Ethnobiology and Conservation, 1(2012), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.15451/ec2012-8-1.3-1-25 Lens link Open Access
de la Parra, J., & Quave, C. L. (2017). Ethnophytotechnology: Harnessing the Power of Ethnobotany with Biotechnology. Trends in Biotechnology, 35(9), 802–806. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2017.07.003 Lens link Paywall
Kupferschmidt, K. (2018). Biologists raise alarm over changes to biopiracy rules. Science, 361(6397), 14. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.361.6397.14 Lens link Paywall
Aubry, S. (2019). The Future of Digital Sequence Information for Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Frontiers in Plant Science, 10(August), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01046 Lens link Open Access
Hammond, E. (2020). Finding Traditional Knowledge’s Place in the Digital Sequence Information Debate. Third World Network, 1–8 https://twn.my/title2/briefing_papers/twn/TWB_EHamm_Jul2020_D03.pdf Open Access
Smyth, S. J., Macall, D. M., Phillips, P. W. B., & de Beer, J. (2020). Implications of biological information digitization: Access and benefit sharing of plant genetic resources. Journal of World Intellectual Property, 23(3–4), 267–287. https://doi.org/10.1111/jwip.12151 Lens link Open Access
Ambler, J., Diallo, A. A., Dearden, P. K., Wilcox, P., Hudson, M., & Tiffin, N. (2021). Including Digital Sequence Data in the Nagoya Protocol Can Promote Data Sharing. Trends in Biotechnology, 39(2), 116–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.06.009 Lens link Paywall
Intergovernmental Technical Working Group on Aquatic Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (2021). “Digital Sequence Information” on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture: Innovation Opportunities, Challenges and Implications. http://www.fao.org/3/nf577en/nf577en.pdf Open Access
Karger, E. J., & Scholz, A. H. (2021). DSI, the Nagoya Protocol, and Stakeholders’ Concerns. Trends in Biotechnology, 39(2), 110–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.09.008 Lens link Paywall. This is a response to Ambler et al above.
Brink, M. van Hintum, T. (2021). Practical consequences of digital sequence information (DSI) definitions and access and benefit-sharing scenarios from a plant genebank’s perspective. Plants People Planet ppp3.10201. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp3.10201 Open Access
African Group of Negotiators on Biodiversity-Ad Hoc Group on Digital Sequence Information (2019). Digital Sequence Information on Genetic Resources: Submission of Views and Information on Terminology, Scope, and Domestic Measures on Access and Benefit Sharing. https://www.cbd.int/abs/DSI-views/2019/AfricanGroup-DSI.pdf Open Access
Karger, E. du Plessis, P. Meyer, H. (2019). Digital Sequence Information on Genetic Resources (DSI): An Introductory Guide for African Policymakers and Stakeholders. The ABS Capacity Development Initiative https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/ditc-ted-05052020-BioTradeSSC-DSI.pdf Open Access
Lawson, C. Rourke, M. (2020). Digital sequence information as a marine genetic resource under the proposed UNCLOS legally binding instrument. Marine Policy 122: 103878. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0308597X19308061 Paywall
Oldham, P. (2020). Digital Sequence Information - Technical Aspects. European Commission on technical aspects of digital sequence information. <https://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/biodiversity/international/abs/pdf/Final_Report_technical_a spects_of_DSI.pdf> Open Access
Oldham, Paul. and Kindness, Jasmine (2022). Sharing Digital Sequence Information. Study for the European Commission. https://zenodo.org/record/6557191 Open Access
UK Parliament (2020). Digital sequence information. UK Parliament Postnote 630. UK Parliament, London. 7pp. https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/POST-PN-0630/POST-PN-0630.pdf Open Access
Delegation of Switzerland (2021). An International Disclosure Of Source Requirement for Genetic Resources and Associated Traditional Knowledge in Patent Applications - A Contribution to the Evidence-Based Approach. WIPO/GRTKF/IC/41/12. Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore, Forty-First Session, Geneva, August 30 to September 3, 2021. https://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/tk/en/wipo_grtkf_ic_41/wipo_grtkf_ic_41_12.pdf Open Access
Ke, Y. Chen, J. (2020). Interrelationship between genetic resources and traditional knowledge - An example from earthworm fibrinolytic enzyme Biotechnology Law Report39: 440-451. https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/blr.2020.29190.yk Open Access
Parra, F. Casas, A. Begazo, D. Paco, A. Márquez, E. Cruz, A. Segovia, J. Torres-García, I. Zarazúa, M. Lizárraga, L. Torres-Guevara, J. (2021). Natural and cultural processes influencing gene flow among wild (atoq papa), weedy (araq papa and k’ipa papa), and crop potatoes in the Andean Region of Southern Peru. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2021.617969/full Open Access
Rourke, M. (2018). Who are indigenous and local communities and what is traditional knowledge for virus access and benefit-sharing? A textual analysis of the Convention on Biological Diversity and Its Nagoya Protocol. Journal of Law and Medicine 25(3):707-726. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3161573 Open Access
Syam, N. Romero, T. (2021). Misappropriation of Genetic Resources and Associated Traditional Knowledge: Challenges Posed by Intellectual Property and Genetic Sequence Information. Research Paper 130. The South Centre, Geneva. https://www.southcentre.int/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/RP-130.pdf Open Access
WIPO (2020). Key Questions on Patent Disclosure Requirements for Genetic Resources and Traditional Knowledge. 2nd ed. World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), Geneva. https://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/wipo_pub_1047_19.pdf Open Access
Wynberg, R. Andersen, R. Laird, S. Kusena, K. Prip, C. Westengen, O. (2021). Farmers’ rights and digital sequence information: Crisis or opportunity to reclaim stewardship over agrobiodiversity? Frontiers in Plant Science https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.686728 Open Access
Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies, T. (2020). AIATSIS Code of Ethics for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Research. Retrieved from https://aiatsis.gov.au/research/ethical-research Open Access
Hudson, M., Beaton, A., Milne, M., Port, W., Russell, K., Smith, B., … Wilcox, P. (2016). Te Mata Ira: Guidelines for Genomic Research with Māori. Retrieved from https://www.genomics-aotearoa.org.nz/sites/default/files/2019-03/Te-Mata-Ira-Genome-Research-Guidelines.pdf Open Access
Government of Canada (2018) Tri-Council Policy Statement: Ethical conduct for research involving humans. https://ethics.gc.ca/eng/policy-politique_tcps2-eptc2_2018.html Open Access. See in particular Chapter 9: Research Involving the First Nations, Inuit and Métis Peoples of Canada Open Access
Wynberg, R., Schroeder, D., & Chennells, R. (2009). Indigenous Peoples, Consent and Benefit Sharing: Lessons from the San-Hoodia Case. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-90-481-3123-5 Paywall (Book)
Talaat, W. I. A. W. (2013). Protection of the Associated Traditional Knowledge on Genetic Resources: Beyond the Nagoya Protocol. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 91, 673–678. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.08.468 Lens link Open Access
Hammond, E., (2017). Sequence Data and Benefit Sharing: DivSeek’s Pitfalls Show Need for Appropriate Policy. Biodiversity, Knowledge & Rights Series no. 5. Third World Network (TWN), Penang, Malaysia. 40 pp. https://www.twn.my/title2/series/bkr/bkr005.htmOA Open Access
Laird, S., International, P., & Wynberg, R. (2018). A Fact Finding and Scoping Study on Digital Sequence Information on Genetic Resources in the Context of the Convention on Biological Diversity and Nagoya Protocol (January). https://www.cbd.int/doc/c/e95a/4ddd/4baea2ec772be28edcd10358/dsi-ahteg-2018-01-03-en.pdf Open Access
Lawson, C., & Adhikari, K. (Eds.). (2018). Biodiversity, Genetic Resources and Intellectual Property: Developments in Access and Benefit Sharing (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315098517 Lens link Paywall (Book)
Wynberg, R., & Laird, S. A. (2018). Fast Science and Sluggish Policy: The Herculean Task of Regulating Biodiscovery. Trends in Biotechnology, 36(1), 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2017.09.002 Lens link Open Access
Watanabe, M. E. (2019). The Nagoya protocol: The conundrum of defining digital sequence information. BioScience, 69(6), 480. https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biz034 Lens link Open Access
***Kharb, D. (2020). Regulation of ABS obligations in digital sequence information over genetic resources: The legal conundrum under CBD and Nagoya Protocol Framework. Gene Technology 10(3) https://www.longdom.org/open-access/regulation-of-abs-obligations-in-digital-sequence-informationover- genetic-resources-the-legal-conundrum-under-cbd-and-nagoya-prot-80883.html Open Access
Kamau, E, C. (2019)(ed.). Implementation of the Nagoya Protocol: Fulfilling new obligations among emerging issues. BfN-Skripten 564. Bundesamt für Naturschutz (BfN), Bonn. 142pp. https://community.abs-sustainabledevelopment.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Skript564.pdf Open Access
Laird, S. Wynberg, R. Rourke, M. Humphries, F. Muller, M. Lawson, C. (2020). Rethink the expansion of access and benefit sharing. Science. 367(1200), 10.1126/science.aba9609. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339887387_Rethink_the_expansion_of_access_and_benefit_sharing
Bond, M. R., & Scott, D. (2020). Digital biopiracy and the (dis)assembling of the Nagoya Protocol. Geoforum, 117(June), 24–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2020.09.001 Lens link Open Access
Neumann, D., Borisenko, A. V., Coddington, J. A., Häuser, C. L., Butler, C. R., Casino, A., … Giere, P. (2018). Global biodiversity research tied up by juridical interpretations of access and benefit sharing. Organisms Diversity and Evolution, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13127-017-0347-1 Lens link Paywall (Available via ResearchGate)
Smyth, S. J., & Charles, T. C. (2021). Impacts on International Research Collaborations from DSI/ABS Uncertainty. Trends in Biotechnology, 39(5), 430–433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.10.011 Lens link Open Access
Bagley, M. Perron-Welch, F (2021). Study to Identify Specific Cases of Genetic Resources and Traditional Knowledge Associated with Genetic Resources that Occur in Transboundary Situations or for Which it is Not Possible to Grant or Obtain Prior Informed Consent. CBD/SBI/3/15/Add.1. Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (SCBD), Montreal. https://www.cbd.int/doc/c/c850/cee6/e368619e14ae3e3fb4d84de9/sbi-03-15-add1-en.pdf
Robinson, D., & Raven, M. (2017). Identifying and Preventing Biopiracy in Australia: patent landscapes and legal geographies for plants with Indigenous Australian uses. Australian Geographer, 48(3), 311–331. https://doi.org/10.1080/00049182.2016.1229240 Lens link Paywall
Collier-Robinson, L., Rayne, A., Rupene, M., Thoms, C., & Steeves, T. (2019). Embedding indigenous principles in genomic research of culturally significant species: A conservation genomics case study. New Zealand Journal of Ecology, 43(3). https://doi.org/10.20417/nzjecol.43.36 Lens link Open Access
Inwood, S. N., McLaughlin, G. M., Buckley, T. R., Cox, M. P., Handley, K. M., Steeves, T. E., … Dearden, P. K. (2020). Opportunities for modern genetic technologies to maintain and enhance aotearoa New Zealand’s bioheritage. New Zealand Journal of Ecology, 44(2), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.20417/nzjecol.44.22 Lens link Open Access
Aubry, S., Frison, C., Medaglia, J. C., Frison, E., Jaspars, M., Rabone, M., … Zimmeren, E. (2021). Bringing access and benefit sharing into the digital age. Plants, People, Planet, (January), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp3.10186 Lens link Open Access
Liggins, L., Hudson, M., & Anderson, J. (2021). Creating space for Indigenous perspectives on access and benefit-sharing: encouraging researcher use of the Local Contexts Notices. Molecular Ecology, (April), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15918 Open Access
Anderson, J., & Hudson, M. (2020). The Biocultural Labels Initiative: Supporting Indigenous rights in data derived from genetic resources. Biodiversity Information Science and Standards, 4. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.4.59230 Lens link Open Access
Anderson, J., Hudson, M. (2021). STEM Inclusive Teaching Practices Webinar Series: The Biocultural Labels Initiative. iDigBio, QUBES Educational Resources. https://doi:10.25334/E6SC-PP18 Open Access
For Biocultural labels also see the local contexts website
Robinson, D. F., & Raven, M. (2020). Recognising Indigenous customary law of totemic plant species: Challenges and pathways. Geographical Journal, 186(1), 31–44. https://doi.org/10.1111/geoj.12320 Lens link Paywall
Sherman, B., Henry, R., (2021) Access to biodiversity for food production: Reconciling open access digital sequence information with access and benefit sharing, Molecular Plant, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2021.03.005 Lens link Paywall
Armstrong, C., J. Miller, A. C. McAlvay, P. M. Ritchie, and D. Lepofsky. 2021. Historical Indigenous Land-Use Explains Plant Functional Trait Diversity. Ecology and Society 26(2):6. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-12322-260206
Levis, C., Flores, B., Moreira, P., Luize, B., Alves, R., Franco-Moraes, J., Lins, J., Konings, E., Peña-Claros, M., Bongers, F., Costa, F. & Clement, C. (2018) How People Domesticated Amazonian Forests. Frontiers of Ecological Evolution. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2017.00171
Lyons, N., Hoffmann, T., Miller, D., Martindale, A., Ames, K., & Blake, M. (2021). Were the Ancient Coast Salish Farmers? A Story of Origins. American Antiquity, 86(3), 504-525. doi:10.1017/aaq.2020.115
Carney, M., Tushingham, S., MaLaughlin, T., d’Alpoim Guedes, J., (2021) Harvesting strategies as evidence for 4000 years of camas (Camassia quamash) management in the North American Columbia Plateau https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.202213
Girard, F., Hall, I. & Frison, C. (2022) Biocultural Rights, Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities - Protecting Culture and the Environment, Routeledge https://www.routledge.com/Biocultural-Rights-Indigenous-Peoples-and-Local-Communities-Protecting/Girard-Hall-Frison/p/book/9781032000817
Human world. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 1, 0106 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-017-0106
Jefferson, D. (2020) Towards an Ecological Intellectual Property, Routeledge https://www.routledge.com/Towards-an-Ecological-Intellectual-Property-Reconfiguring-Relationships/Jefferson/p/book/9780367429799
Michon, G (2005) Domesticating forests - How farmers manage forest resources, IRD, CIFOR and ICRAF https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers15-02/010062999.pdf
Miner, B., De Meester, L., Pfrender, M., Lampert, W. & Hairston, N. (2012) Linking genes to communities and ecosystems: Daphnia as an ecogenomic model, Biological Sciences https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.2404
Piperno, D., McMichael, C., Pitman, N., Andino, J., Paredes, M., Heijink, B. & Torres-Montenegro, L. (2021) A 5,000-year vegetation and fire history fortierra firmeforests in the Medio Putumayo-Algodón watersheds,northeastern Peru. PNAS. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2022213118
Smithsonian. (2021) Indigenous Peoples Were Stewards of the Western Amazon https://www.si.edu/newsdesk/releases/indigenous-peoples-were-stewards-western-amazon
Sullivan, A., Bird, D. & Perry, G. (2017) Human behaviour as a long-term ecological driver of non-human evolution. Nature Ecology and Evolution 1, 0065. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-016-0065
Turner, N. (2020) Plants, People, Places, McGill-Queen’s University Press https://www.mqup.ca/plants--people--and-places-products-9780228001836.php
Turner, N., Armstrong, C. & Lepofsky, D. (2021) Adopting a Root: Documenting Ecological and Cultural Signatures of Plant Translocations in Northwestern North America, American Anthropologist, 123: 879-897. https://doi.org/10.1111/aman.13658
Wall, J. (2022) The Cultural Value of Trees, Routeledge, https://www.routledge.com/The-Cultural-Value-of-Trees-Folk-Value-and-Biocultural-Conservation/Wall/p/book/9780367336158
ABS Biotrade - Digital Sequence Information on Genetic Resources https://www.abs-biotrade.info/topics/specific-issues/dsi/
ABS Information Forum - Digital Sequence Information (DSI) https://nagoyaprotocol.myspecies.info/node/27
Oldham, Paul; Kindness, Jasmine; Hardison, Preston (2020-). Indigenous Peoples and Digital Sequence Information https://poldham.github.io/dsi/
Digital Sequence Information resources with an emphasis on TK and indigenous peoples. Parsons, Jill (2020). Benefit-Sharing, Nagoya, and DSI - Oh My! Ecological Society of America (ESA) Field Notes Blog. https://www.esa.org/esablog/2020/05/11/benefit-sharing-nagoya-and-dsi-oh-my/
Future Ecologies (2022) Forest Garden https://www.futureecologies.net/listen/fe-4-1-forest-garden
Global Youth Biodiversity Network (2021). A Primer on Digital Sequence Information - Session 1 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rh1i7QiTgyg
Hudson, Maui (2021). Recognising Indigenous Rights in Digital Sequence Information https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xF8RJzWyVHE
ABS Initiative Webinar on the Role of IPLCs and associated TK in the DSI debate: https://youtu.be/1ozPDfHQBy8 (English version) Also in French at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HX_vp8kPRNc&t=3s
Summary report of the webinar: https://www.abs-biotrade.info/fileadmin/Downloads/3.%20TOPICS/SPECIFIC%20ISSUES/DSI/BELOW/Webinar-Report-Role-of-IPLCs-and-aTK-in-DSI-debate-06-2021.pdf
If you would like to suggest additional reading materials please contact jasminejrkindness at gmail dot com